• Discuss how the history and physical examination of the child can be the key to differentiating between accidental and intentional injury
• Define what constitutes abuse, maltreatment, and neglect, and identify the corresponding physical and behavioral indicators
• Identify the information needed to give to Child Protective Services (CPS) when “reasonable cause to suspect abuse” is found and the initial call is reported
• List the physical and behavioral indicators of sexual abuse
• Describe what constitutes “reasonable cause to suspect” abuse and identify situations when healthcare professionals must report suspected cases
• Define the preventive-protective continuum of care used by New York’s CPS and what to do if there is more than one mandated reporter with “reasonable cause to suspect” abuse
• Describe how emotional abuse can affect children and their developmental growth

The goal of this three-part program is to update healthcare professionals’ ability to apply scientifically accepted infection-control principles to reduce transmission of pathogens. After studying the information presented here, you will be able to:

• Recognize the benefits of adhering to standards of infection control and describe the professional’s responsibility to adhere to these practices and the consequences of failing to comply
• Recognize the professional’s responsibility to monitor infection-control practices of those for whom he or she is responsible and intervene as necessary
• Describe how pathogenic organisms may be spread in healthcare settings, identify factors influencing the outcome of exposure, list strategies for preventing transmission of pathogenic organisms, and describe their application in practice
• Define engineering controls and work-practice controls and identify a hierarchy of exposure-prevention strategies
• Describe specific practices and settings that raise exposure potential to healthcare workers and patients and identify work practice controls that prevent exposure
• Recognize the circumstances that require the use of personal protective equipment and identify these specific barriers
• Identify a professional’s responsibility for maintaining a safe patient-care environment and recognize nonspecific disease findings that prompt evaluation of healthcare providers
• Recognize the role of occupational health strategies in protecting healthcare providers and patients as well as the importance of the correct application of reprocessing methods
• List specific occupational health strategies for preventing HIV, hepatitis B virus, and TB in healthcare providers, and identify resources for evaluation of healthcare workers infected with these conditions
• Describe the signs and symptoms of sepsis, and relate the importance of rapid identification and management